Meanwhile

Waiting for the exam papers (KOR)

AI-era exams reveal the value of handwriting, independent thought and better questions.

Published
A series of cheating incidents involving smart glasses equipped with AI features have been reported during essay-based university entrance exams. Yonsei University caught an applicant wearing smart glasses during an exam on Oct. 10, while the University of Seoul detected another applicant using the device on Oct. 3. The photo shows a man wearing smart glasses on display at an electronics store in Seoul on Oct. 14.


Park Kyung-ryul

The author is a professor at the KAIST Graduate School of Science and Technology Policy.


Outside my window, tree branches sway gently in the autumn breeze. I am waiting for exam papers from students in my "Science, Technology and Future Society" course. Several semesters have passed since I replaced take-home exams with handwritten tests and oral examinations. It had become increasingly difficult to assess students' thinking through assignments completed at home. Today, AI can produce a plausible answer to almost any question within seconds.

Two things have surprised me during these written examinations. First, students struggle to express their thoughts in writing despite their considerable knowledge and presentation skills. Second, some students' handwriting is remarkably difficult to decipher.

I do not blame them. Rather, I feel sympathy. Perhaps those of us who grew up painstakingly writing in notebooks and repeatedly drafting and deleting sentences on computer screens should feel grateful. Time moved slowly then, and the very process of adding, removing and revising words was a journey of questioning and reflection.

AI now takes away much of that space for contemplation, delivering overwhelming amounts of information in seconds. In an age of information overload, I worry that a generation required to compete and collaborate not only with other people but also with technology may lose even the motivation to read and write.

This concern is more than speculation. Last year, researchers at MIT analyzed brain activity while people wrote essays. They found that participants using large language models such as ChatGPT showed weaker connectivity between brain regions than those who wrote independently. The researchers called this "cognitive debt." Relying on external tools for judgment can ultimately undermine our ability to understand and think for ourselves. Writing is not merely a means of expressing thoughts. It is an essential part of the human thinking process itself.

Soon, the exam papers will arrive. I already look forward to reading the different perspectives expressed in each student's distinctive handwriting and discussing their ideas together.

Perhaps my role as a teacher is simply to be the breeze that occasionally stirs the branches as they grow in different directions. I must avoid shaking them so hard that they break while helping them develop stronger roots.

That gentle breeze comes through asking questions and engaging in discussion. Even in an age when AI provides answers, asking questions remains our most important responsibility.



답안지를 기다리며

박경렬 KAIST 과학기술정책대학원 교수

가을바람에 창밖 나뭇가지가 잔잔히 흔들린다. 나는 ‘과학기술과 미래사회’ 수업 학생들의 답안지를 기다리고 있다. 중간고사를 컴퓨터 없이 연필과 종이로 치르고 구술시험을 한 지 몇 학기가 지났다. 재택(take-home) 시험으로는 더이상 학생들의 생각을 가늠하기 어려워졌기 때문이다. 이제는 몇 초면 AI가 어떠한 주제든 그럴싸한 답을 내어버린다.

그간 필기시험에서 두 가지에 놀랐다. 첫째, 학생들은 가진 지식과 발표력에 비해 글로 생각을 표현하는 것을 어려워했다. 둘째, 몇몇 학생의 글씨는 적잖이 해독하기 어려웠다. 탓하려는 것이 아니다. 짠했을 뿐이다. 공책에 한 땀 한 땀 글을 쓰고 모니터에 논문 한 줄을 썼다 지우기를 반복했던 세대는 감사해야 할지 모른다. 느리게 흘러가던 시간, 더하고 덜어내려 애쓰던 과정 자체가 곧 질문하고 생각하는 여정이었다. AI는 그 사유의 여백을 앗아가고 단 몇 초 만에 방대한 내용을 압도적으로 쏟아낸다. 지식 과잉의 시대, 이제 사람이 아닌 기술과도 경쟁하고 협업해야 하는 세대가 자칫 읽고 쓰는 일에 대한 의욕마저 꺾일까 걱정이 앞선다.

짐작만은 아니다. 지난해 MIT 연구진은 사람들이 글을 작성할 때의 뇌파를 분석했다. 챗GPT 같은 거대언어모델을 사용한 집단은 스스로 사고해 글을 쓴 집단에 비해 뇌 영역 사이의 연결성이 떨어졌다. 연구진은 이를 인지 부채라 불렀다. 판단을 외부에 의존하면 장기적으로 이해력의 손실을 떠안게 된다. 글쓰기는 단순히 생각을 출력하는 것이 아니라 인간 본연의 사고 과정 그 자체다.

곧 답안지가 도착한다. 저마다 개성 어린 필체에 담긴 다양한 관점을 읽고 의견을 나눌 생각에 이내 설렌다. 내가 할 일은 각자 뻗어 나갈 가지를 가끔 흔들어 주는 바람 역할 정도일 것이다. 너무 세게 흔들어 가지를 꺾지 않되 조금 더 단단히 뿌리내리게 하는 것. 그 잔잔한 바람은 질문하고 함께 토론하는 일이다. AI가 답을 주는 시대에도 질문은 우리들의 가장 중요한 몫이기 때문이다.

This article was originally written in Korean and translated by a bilingual reporter with the help of generative AI tools. It was then edited by a native English-speaking editor. All AI-assisted translations are reviewed and refined by our newsroom.