‘Progressive’ candidates’ pledges risk leveling education downward (KOR)

Jung Keun-sik, a preliminary candidate for superintendent of education in Seoul, poses for a commemorative photo with attendees during a press conference held at Gwanghwamun Square in central Seoul on May 12, announcing joint pledges for the 2026 Democratic Progressive Superintendent Candidates’ Education Transformation.[NEWS1]
Jung Keun-sik, a preliminary candidate for superintendent of education in Seoul, poses for a commemorative photo with attendees during a press conference held at Gwanghwamun Square in central Seoul on May 12, announcing joint pledges for the 2026 Democratic Progressive Superintendent Candidates’ Education Transformation.

Candidate registration for the June 3 local elections will take place over two days beginning Thursday. On Tuesday, so-called progressive superintendent candidates from 15 metropolitan and provincial education offices — including Seoul superintendent candidate Jung Keun-sik — gathered to unveil a set of joint campaign pledges. As part of what they described as a plan to “normalize” public education, they proposed introducing absolute grading for both the College Scholastic Ability Test (CSAT) and high school transcripts, while abolishing autonomous private high schools, foreign language and international high schools for local students, collectively known as specialized high schools.

Though framed as an effort to reduce educational inequality, the proposals raise concerns that they amount in practice to a rejection of academic competition itself and a push toward leveling education downward.

To begin with, the proposals invite criticism for overstepping the legal authority of provincial and metropolitan superintendents. Changes to the college admissions system are, by law, to be determined by the presidentially-affiliated National Education Commission through long-term social consensus. Likewise, the criteria governing the abolition of autonomous private and specialized high schools are stipulated in the enforcement decree of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act — not matters that superintendents can alter at will.

More fundamentally, it is difficult to understand the logic of dramatically weakening the discriminatory function of admissions exams through absolute grading, especially when no credible alternative has been presented. Put bluntly, unless every university plans to admit students by lottery, competition and differentiation in admissions are realities that cannot simply be wished away. It is worth recalling that the Moon Jae-in administration also pledged during the 2017 presidential campaign to adopt absolute grading for the CSAT, only to retreat to a far more cautious stance after taking office. In fact, after the admissions scandal involving the children of former Justice Minister Cho Kuk erupted, the administration moved in the opposite direction by increasing the share of regular admissions based on standardized test scores.

The candidates are right to emphasize the importance of restoring public education. But that goal must not come at the expense of educational excellence. The attempt during the Moon administration to aggressively dismantle autonomous private high schools ultimately ran into court rulings, while triggering deep social division and significant policy costs.

At a time when the world is undergoing a sweeping transformation driven by AI, a uniform education system that teaches every student the same thing in the same way is not progressive — it is regressive. Education, as the Korean saying goes, is “a project for a hundred years.” The design of the education system should therefore be guided not by the ideology or political inclinations of any particular camp, but by a long-term and stable vision for the nation’s future.

하향 평준화 우려되는 ‘진보 교육감’ 예비후보 공약

6·3 지방선거 후보 등록이 오늘부터 이틀간 진행된다. 정근식 서울시 교육감을 포함해 전국 15개 시·도의 이른바 ‘진보 교육감’ 예비후보들은 그제 한자리에 모여 공동 공약을 발표했다. 이들은 ‘공교육 정상화’를 위한 방안으로 ▶대학수학능력시험과 고교 내신 절대평가 ▶자율형 사립고(자사고)와 외국어고·국제고(특수목적고) 폐지 등을 주장했다. 겉으로는 교육 불평등 해소를 명분으로 내세웠지만, 실제로는 입시 경쟁 자체를 부정하고 교육의 하향 평준화를 추구하는 것은 아닌지 우려스럽다.

일단 이들이 발표한 입시 제도 개편이나 자사고·특목고 폐지 등은 법적으로 시·도 교육감 권한이 아니라는 점에서 무리한 공약이란 비판을 피할 수 없다. 입시 제도는 대통령 직속 국가교육위원회가 중장기적 관점에서 사회적 합의를 기반으로 결정하도록 법률에 명시돼 있다. 자사고·특목고의 폐지 요건은 초·중등교육법 시행령에 규정돼 있고 교육감이 마음대로 바꿀 수 있는 사항이 아니다.

무엇보다 확실한 대안도 없이 수능과 내신의 절대평가로 입시 변별력을 대폭 축소하겠다는 발상부터 도저히 납득하기 어렵다. 극단적으로 말해 모든 대학이 제비뽑기로 학생을 뽑지 않는 한 입시 경쟁과 변별력 확보는 아무리 피하고 싶어도 피할 수 없는 게 현실이다. 지난 문재인 정부도 2017년 대선에서 수능 절대평가를 공약했지만, 취임 이후에는 신중한 태도로 돌아섰다는 점을 기억해야 한다. 오히려 조국 전 법무부 장관의 자녀 입시비리 문제가 터지자 대학 입시의 정시 비중을 확대하는 식으로 대선 공약과는 반대로 갔다.

예비후보들이 언급한 공교육 정상화는 중요하지만, 그것이 교육의 하향 평준화로 이어져서는 안 된다. 문재인 정부 시절 무리하게 추진했던 ‘자사고 죽이기’가 결과적으로 법원에 의해 제동이 걸리고 극심한 사회적 논란과 비용을 초래했던 일을 잊지 말아야 한다. 더구나 인공지능(AI) 대전환 시대를 맞아 모든 학생에게 일률적으로 같은 내용을 가르치는 평준화 교육은 오히려 퇴행적이다. 교육은 백년대계라는 말처럼 특정 정치집단의 성향이나 이념에 좌우되지 않고 장기적이고 안정적인 시각에서 교육 제도의 설계가 이뤄져야 한다.

This article was originally written in Korean and translated by a bilingual reporter with the help of generative AI tools. It was then edited by a native English-speaking editor. All AI-assisted translations are reviewed and refined by our newsroom.